1981- Sony created the Sony Mavica (first digital camera)
Two types of sensors:
CCD- charge coupled device
CMOS- complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Pixel- single element, point or dot that contains color
Depending on the cameras capability you can capture images with millions of pixels
Monitor Resolution- number of dots drawn horizontally and vertically across the screen
BIT depth- the number of bits of information each pixel can understand
8 bit computer= 28 different colors can be displayed
DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY TERMS:
Focal length- the distance between the center of a lens
Aperture- the opening that determines how much light you let in a camera
ISO- The measure of films sensitivity to light
Shutter Speed- effective length of time a cameras shutter is to open
sRGB- standard RGB color space created cooperatively by monitors, printers, and the internet
Exif data- Exchangeable Image file, a format that is a standard for storing interchange information in digital photography image files
Raw image format- a basic format with minimally processed data
JPG or JPEG- standard web image file type
JPEG- joing photographic experts group
Composition- The arrangement of elements and their relationship to the background of an image.
-Find the focal point- Isolate the subject and be sure that all subject matter is relevant to the composition.
-Simplify- Try to get rid of anything distracting in the background of the photo.
-Avoid- Centering the subjects to create a more appealing photo.
-Rule of Thirds- Divide picture horizontally and vertically and these intersections provide good center points for the composition.
How Cameras Work A still film camera is made up of three basic elements: 1. An optical element (the lens) 2. A chemical element (the film) 3. A mechanical element (the camera body itself) Manual single-lens reflex- Photographer sees the exact same image that is exposed to the film and can adjust everything by turning dials and clicking buttons. This camera does not need any electricity to take a picture. Lens- A curved piece of glass or plastic. The job of the lens is to take the beams of light bouncing off an object and redirect them so they come together to form a real image. -As light travels from one medium to another, it changes speed. Light travels more quickly through air than it does through glass, so a lens slows it down. -When light enters a piece of glass, one part of the wave will reach the glass before the other causing the first part of the wave to slow down first. As soon as the light reaches the glass it bends in one direction. When it exits the glass, the light bends again due to the air speeding up the light. -In a standard converging or convex lens, one or both sides of the glass curves out. The rays of light will bend towards the center of the lens on entry. -In a double convex lens, like a magnifying glass, the light will bend when it exits and enters.
Megapixel Myth
-Sharpness depends more on your photographic skill than the number of megapixels, because most people's sloppy subject motion blurs the image more than the width of a microscopic pixel.
-Pictures are made up of little dots called pixels. Pixel stands for PICture ELement. Put enough of them together and you have a picture. They are arranged horizontally and vertically.
-Resolution is how many pixels you have counted horizontally or vertically when used to describe a stored image.
-Pixel Count, expressed as Megapixels, is simply multiplying the number of horizontal pixels by the number of vertical pixels.
-Screen Resolution-Most computer screens today are about 100 DPI, dots per inch. There isn't much variation from screen to screen so we rarely discuss this. It's easy to figure out: most computer screens are about 1,024 x 768 pixels. If your screen is 10" wide then divides 1,024 by 10 and you have a 102.4 DPI screen. Bigger screens tend to have more pixels, for instance, my 22" CRT has 1,600 x 1,200 pixels and has a viewing area of 16 x 12."
-The Myth
oThe megapixel myth is also prevalent because men (lol?) always want a single number by which something's goodness can be judged.
oOne needs at least adoublingoflinearresolution or film size to make an obvious improvement. This is the same asquadruplingthe megapixels.A simple doubling of megapixels, even if all else remained the same, is very subtle. The factors that matter, like color and sharpening algorithms, are far more significant.
Digital Photography
Composition- The arrangement of elements and their relationship to the background of an image.
-Find the focal point- Isolate the subject and be sure that all subject matter is relevant to the composition.
-Simplify- Try to get rid of anything distracting in the background of the photo.
-Avoid- Centering the subjects to create a more appealing photo.
-Rule of Thirds- Divide picture horizontally and vertically and these intersections provide good center points for the composition.
How Cameras Work
A still film camera is made up of three basic elements:
1. An optical element (the lens)
2. A chemical element (the film)
3. A mechanical element (the camera body itself)
Manual single-lens reflex- Photographer sees the exact same image that is exposed to the film and can adjust everything by turning dials and clicking buttons. This camera does not need any electricity to take a picture.
Lens- A curved piece of glass or plastic. The job of the lens is to take the beams of light bouncing off an object and redirect them so they come together to form a real image.
-As light travels from one medium to another, it changes speed. Light travels more quickly through air than it does through glass, so a lens slows it down.
-When light enters a piece of glass, one part of the wave will reach the glass before the other causing the first part of the wave to slow down first. As soon as the light reaches the glass it bends in one direction. When it exits the glass, the light bends again due to the air speeding up the light.
-In a standard converging or convex lens, one or both sides of the glass curves out. The rays of light will bend towards the center of the lens on entry.
-In a double convex lens, like a magnifying glass, the light will bend when it exits and enters.
Megapixel Myth
-Sharpness depends more on your photographic skill than the number of megapixels, because most people's sloppy subject motion blurs the image more than the width of a microscopic pixel.
-Pictures are made up of little dots called pixels. Pixel stands for PICture ELement. Put enough of them together and you have a picture. They are arranged horizontally and vertically.
-Resolution is how many pixels you have counted horizontally or vertically when used to describe a stored image.
-Pixel Count, expressed as Megapixels, is simply multiplying the number of horizontal pixels by the number of vertical pixels.
-Screen Resolution-Most computer screens today are about 100 DPI, dots per inch. There isn't much variation from screen to screen so we rarely discuss this. It's easy to figure out: most computer screens are about 1,024 x 768 pixels. If your screen is 10" wide then divides 1,024 by 10 and you have a 102.4 DPI screen. Bigger screens tend to have more pixels, for instance, my 22" CRT has 1,600 x 1,200 pixels and has a viewing area of 16 x 12."
-The Myth